Static Routing 1
Topology
Tasks:
You are tasked with configuring static routes for a small network consisting of four routers: R1, R2, R3, and R4. The network includes an ISP connection and a server located on a LAN behind R4. R3 and R4 are fully configured and inaccessible. No dynamic routing protocols should be used.
- Configure default routes on R1 and R2 to forward all unknown traffic to the ISP.
- Configure host route on R1 to ensure that R1 prefers the path through R3 for traffic destined to the server.
- Configure a backup route on R1 with AD of 2 to use R2 as a secondary path to reach the server if the link between R3 and R4 fails.
Solution:
Task 1:
Configure default routes on R1 and R2 to forward all unknown traffic to the
ISP.
To forward all
unknown traffic to ISP, we need two default routes.
On R1:
R1#configure
terminal
R1(config)#ip
route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.11.2
This command
configures a default route on R1, using R2 as the next hop (192.168.11.2). When
R1 receives traffic destined for an address not in its routing table, it will
forward the traffic to R2.
On R2:
R2#configure
terminal
R2(config)#ip
route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 209.165.100.2
This command
configures a default route on R2, using the ISP's IP address (209.165.100.2) as
the next hop. When R2 receives traffic destined for an address not in its
routing table, it will forward the traffic to the ISP.
Task 2:
Configure host route on R1 ensure that R1 prefers the path through R3 for
traffic destined to the server.
Host routes are
specific routes that direct traffic to a single destination IP address and are
configured with a subnet mask of 255.255.255.255 (/32), meaning a single
address or a specific node.
On R1:
R1(config)#ip
route 10.0.0.10 255.255.255.255 192.168.13.2
This route
ensures that R1 forwards traffic destined for the server (10.0.0.10)
to R3.
Since R4 is
already configured, it should have a route in place to reach back to R1.
Task 3:
Configure a backup route on R1 with AD of 2 to use R2 as a secondary path to
reach the server if the link between R3 and R4 fails.
A backup route
is used only when the primary route becomes unavailable. It is configured with
an Administrative Distance (AD) higher than the primary route. By default, the
AD of a static route is 1.
On R1:
R1(config)#ip
route 10.0.0.10 255.255.255.255 192.168.11.2 2
This command
configures a backup static route to the server (10.0.0.10) via R2 with an
administrative distance of 2, which is higher than the default AD
of 1. As a result, this route will only be used if the primary route (via R3)
becomes unavailable
Now exit the
configuration mode and save the configuration.
R1(config)#end
R1#write
memory
R2(config)#end
R2#write
memory
Packet Tracer File
Clicking this button will begin the download of a ZIP file. Inside the ZIP file, you'll find a Packet Tracer Activity (.pka) file, which will automatically track your progress as you configure the network.